Carlotta - the museum database

MM 1956: HR: 04 :: human remains

Object description: Adult. Male/female?

Object description

Skeleton C was one of the most poorly preserved skeletons of the collection, lying close to the chamber entrance. It consists of a nearly complete neurocranium and maxilla, as well as a proximal part of a left humerus and radius diaphysis. From the tomb drawing it is evident that skeleton C was damaged already on its discovery, although not to the extent of missing almost the entire post-cranial skeleton. This absence must then be due to post-excavation treatment.

The sutural closure of the skull was extensive, suggesting a mature individual of between 35 and 60 years of age at death. A sex estimation for skeleton C was difficult to

attempt due to its incomplete state, the skull being the only element present for analysis. This proved to show ambiguous sex markers.

Grave goods associated with skeleton C were one toggle pin (40) and one scarab (39). A bowl located on the shoulder of skeleton C might as well belong to skeleton B (Kenyon 1960:473) Hietanen, Linnea, p. 18

Data elements

Inventory number

MM 1956: HR: 04

Serie nummer

2785

Object

human remains

Country - Findspot

Palestine : Asia

Country, Swedish - Findspot

Palestina (stat)

Place - Findspot

Jericho

Geographic name, alternative - Swedish

Israel; Jeriko

Material

Bone

Material, Swedish

Ben

Acquisition

Excavated by Kathleen Kenyon 1952-58. The material was bought from the english archaeological expedition 1956.

Description

Adult. Male/female?;

The sutural closure of the skull was extensive, suggesting a mature individual of between 35 and 60 years of age at death. A sex estimation for skeleton C was difficult to

attempt due to its incomplete state, the skull being the only element present for analysis. This proved to show ambiguous sex markers.

Time - Manufacturing, earliest

1900-1500 BC

Event - Was Present At

Samlingsbesök. 2023-11-30. Stockholms universitet. Urval inför analysansökan; Samlingsbesök. 2023-12-12. Stockholms universitet; Samlingsbesök. 2023-12-18 - 2023-12-19. Stockholms universitet

Comments

In connection with the purchase in 1956, the bone material from Jericho was said to consists in total of 12 individuals. Nine adults and three subadults. The investigation 2006 indicates 38 individuals, 26 adults and 12 subadults. The discrepancy in numbers is most likely due to an earlier confusion which may have taken place after the purchase. The investigation 2006 concluded the amount of individuals due to each archaeological designation, that is H11A-H, J-M, while the former conclusion is based on the whole trench H. Future analysis may therefor decrease the total amount of individuals. H11C: The calvarium is glued. Some of the bone elements labelled H11F may belong to the present individual H11C. The skeletons depicted in this sketch (Kenyon´s) do not seem to entirely reflect the material at hand. The remains received for analysis are for example not always marked in agreement with the documentation. A commingling of the remains of several tightly packed burials is to be expected and can in many cases be remediated, but in this case many elements, notably skulls, have evidently been packed or sorted in total disregard of the sketch. In the tomb sketch each letter clearly represents a single individual, but in the material multiple individuals seem to be represented for each letter. Hietanen, Linnea, p.10 The minimum number of adult individuals was therefore estimated to a total of nine whereas the subadult remains are at least five. However, the material has been sorted to indicate that the remains comprise those of 10 individuals, and will thus be treated correspondingly. Hietanen, Linnea, p. 14In%20connection%20with%20the%20purchase%20in%201956%2C%20the%20bone%20material%20from%20Jericho%20was%20said%20to%20consists%20in%20total%20of%2012%20individuals.%20Nine%20adults%20and%20three%20subadults.%20The%20investigation%202006%20indicates%2038%20individuals%2C%2026%20adults%20and%2012%20subadults.%20The%20discrepancy%20in%20numbers%20is%20most%20likely%20due%20to%20an%20earlier%20confusion%20which%20may%20have%20taken%20place%20after%20the%20purchase.%20The%20investigation%202006%20concluded%20the%20amount%20of%20individuals%20due%20to%20each%20archaeological%20designation%2C%20that%20is%20H11A-H%2C%20J-M%2C%20while%20the%20former%20conclusion%20is%20based%20on%20the%20whole%20trench%20H.%20Future%20analysis%20may%20therefor%20decrease%20the%20total%20amount%20of%20individuals.%20%0AH11C%3A%20The%20calvarium%20is%20glued.%20%0ASome%20of%20the%20bone%20elements%20labelled%20H11F%20may%20belong%20to%20the%20present%20individual%20H11C.%0A%0AThe%20skeletons%20depicted%20in%20this%20sketch%20%28Kenyon%C2%B4s%29%20do%20not%20seem%20to%20entirely%20reflect%20the%20material%20at%20hand.%20The%20remains%20received%20for%20analysis%20are%20for%20example%20not%20always%20marked%20in%20agreement%20with%20the%20documentation.%20A%20commingling%20of%20the%20remains%20of%20several%20tightly%20packed%20burials%20is%20to%20be%20expected%20and%20can%20in%20many%20cases%20be%20remediated%2C%20but%20in%20this%20case%20many%20elements%2C%20notably%20skulls%2C%20have%20evidently%20been%20packed%20or%20sorted%20in%20total%20disregard%20of%20the%20sketch.%20In%20the%20tomb%20sketch%20each%20letter%20clearly%20represents%20a%20single%20individual%2C%20but%20in%20the%20material%20multiple%20individuals%20seem%20to%20be%20represented%20for%20each%20letter.%20Hietanen%2C%20Linnea%2C%20p.10%20%0AThe%20minimum%20number%20of%20adult%20individuals%20was%20therefore%20estimated%20to%20a%20total%20of%20nine%20whereas%20the%20subadult%20remains%20are%20at%20least%20five.%20However%2C%20the%20material%20has%20been%20sorted%20to%20indicate%20that%20the%20remains%20comprise%20those%20of%2010%20individuals%2C%20and%20will%20thus%20be%20treated%20%0Acorrespondingly.%20Hietanen%2C%20Linnea%2C%20p.%2014

Publications

Kenyon, K.M. 1965. Excavations at Jericho. The tombs excavated in 1955-58. Vol. 2. The British school of Archaeology in Jerusalem.; Hietanen, Linnea. 2017. Tomb H11 of Bronze Age Jericho: An osteological analysis of its remains and comparison with contemporary tombs in Jericho. Master thesis, Stockholm university, Dep of Archaeology and Classical Studies. Osteological Research Laboratory.

Loan out - Previously

2017.0001, Stockholms Universitet; 2017.0002, Stockholms Universitet; 2024.0010, Stockholms Universitet

Weight / Vikt

376,2

ncalvarium_sindx

371,2

nmandibula_sindx

5,0

txskeleton

H11C

Condition

Good. Fragmentary.

Conservation - Executed

Original register

WestAsia

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MM 1956: HR: 04 :: human remains

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